In 1887, a gynecologic hospital only for women, was established in Jeongdong by a female American missionary, Mary Scranton. A year later, in November 1888, Boguyeogwan, an independent gynecologic hospital was founded. This was the first women's hospital in Korea, and the forerunner of the current Ewha Womans University Hospital and Ewha Medical Center’s Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Currently, the faculty consists of 12 professors, 3 clinical fellows, and 12 residents, who have continued to carry out the mission of serving women for over 70 years.

The department, through various research, has published over 600 papers, and is actively engaged in domestic and international academic seminars. The department has also participated in a diverse array of clinical trials and is also responsible for educating medical students in the general field of obstetrics and gynecology.

The Obstetrics department carries out cutting edge research in labor, trophoblast invasion, implantation, biomarker studies in preeclampsia and premature labor, fetal programming, level II sonography, and intrauterine fetal therapy.

In the gynecology department, active research is being conducted on HPV, polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, and carcinogenesis of gynecologic cancer.